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摘要:本文通過(guò)對(duì)績(jī)效管理的傳統(tǒng)方法與新模式的比較分析指出,由于傳統(tǒng)的績(jī)效管理方法過(guò)分注重企業(yè)的財(cái)務(wù)指標(biāo),而財(cái)務(wù)指標(biāo)只能衡量過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情(滯后的結(jié)果因素),但無(wú)法評(píng)估企業(yè)前瞻性的投資(領(lǐng)先的驅(qū)動(dòng)因素),因此隨著新知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代的到來(lái),傳統(tǒng)的績(jī)效管理方法逐漸顯現(xiàn)出其局限性。國(guó)際上一流公司的管理實(shí)踐表明,績(jī)效管理越來(lái)越多的被用作“戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施的工具”???jī)效管理的作用在于將企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)化為可衡量的績(jī)效指標(biāo),然后將績(jī)效指標(biāo)從企業(yè)、部門(mén)到員工個(gè)體層層分解,以支撐和實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略。本文介紹的新的績(jī)效管理模式——平衡計(jì)分卡正是從財(cái)務(wù)、客戶(hù)、內(nèi)部管理和學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)展四個(gè)角度來(lái)審視企業(yè)業(yè)績(jī),反映了財(cái)務(wù)和非財(cái)務(wù)衡量方法之間、長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo)與短期目標(biāo)之間以及外部和內(nèi)部、結(jié)果和過(guò)程、管理業(yè)績(jī)和經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)績(jī)等多個(gè)方面的平衡。
關(guān)鍵詞:績(jī)效管理傳統(tǒng)方法平衡計(jì)分卡
Abstract:Thispapercomparesthetraditionaltoolsofperformancemanagementwiththenewones,analyzestheirdifferencesandcomestoaconclusionthatthetraditionaltoolsgivetoomuchemphasisonacorporateentity’sfinancialindexes,whichcanonlymeasurepast-occurredevents(delayedresultfactors),butcannotevaluateitsforward-lookinginvestments(leadingdrivingfactors).Asaresult,withthearrivalofthenewknowledgeeconomy,thelimitationsofthetraditionalvehiclesofmeritmanagementbecomeincreasinglyprominent.Thefrontlineexperiencesofmanymultinationalcompaniesprovidetestimonytothefactthatperformancemanagementisincreasinglybeingappliedas‘a(chǎn)toolforstrategyimplementation’.Itsmeritslieinthatitcansupportandrealizeacompany’sstrategyportfoliobytransformingitsstrategictargetsintosolidperformanceindexesthatcanbemeasuredandassessed,andbreakingthoseindexesdownintodifferentlayersupfromacompanyasawholetodifferentdepartmentsandindividualsforapplication.Anewperformancemanagementmodelintroducedinthisarticle,i.e.balancedscorecardisaperfectexampleincase.Itexaminesacompany’soperationfromtheperspectivesoffinance,clients,internalmanagementaswellaslearninganddevelopment,reflectingastateofequilibriumbetweensuchmultiplefactsasfinancialandnon-financialmeasures,long-termandshort-termtargets,internalandexternalstructure,resultandprocess,managementachievementsandoperationachievements.
Keyword:PerformanceManagement,TraditionalVehicles,BalancedScorecard
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